Square lashings
These are used to bind two spars that are perpendicular to each other. The poles are placed on the ground in the form of a cross. A clove hitch must be tied surrounding the bottom pole near the crosspiece. The free end of the rope is twisted around the standing part and tucked out of the way. The rope must be tightly wrapped three or four times around the spars. While wrapping, the rope is laid on the outside of every previous turn around the crosspiece and on the inside of every previous turn around the bottom pole. To tighten the lashing as much as possible, three or four frapping turns are wound around the wrapping. Then, another clove hitch must be tied.
Diagonal lashings:
These are used to connect two spars together that are not perpendicular to each other. A timber hitch is tied around both poles and pulled snuggly. Four tight wraps are made around the spars. Each wrap is laid in a neat manner along the timber hitch. Across the first three wraps, four more tight wraps are created. Frapping is done three or four times. At the end, a clove hitch is done.
Sheer lashing:
This is done to lash two spars together. For this, two spars are laid side by side. A clove hitch is tied to one spar. Four loose wraps are made around the spars. Then, four frapping turns are done between them. Then, a clove hitch is done.
Tripod lashing:
Three spars are laid alongside each other in such a way that the center spar points in the opposite direction of the outside spars. A clove hitch is tied around one outside pole. The spars are wrapped loosely five or six times. Then, frapping is done on both sides of the center spar. The lashing is finished with a clove hitch surrounding the outside spar.
The diameter of the larger spar in inches is taken and the same number in fathoms is the length of the lashing needed. The diameter of the larger spar in feet is the diameter of the lashings in inches. The other types of knots are the Diamond hitch, Rope work, Seton and Traditional ones.